All publications for country

Integrated approaches for formalization in Asia and the Pacific

This report highlights why the multi-faceted dimensions of informality demand an integrated approach to formalization, outlines the nature of an integrated approach to employment formalization, reviews the extent that countries in Asia and the Pacific are applying integrated approaches to formalization, and provides examples and an action-oriented outline for advancing integrated approaches to formalization in the region.

Project brief

Ensuring Decent Work and Reducing Vulnerabilities for Women and Children in the Context of Labour Migration in Southeast Asia

TRIANGLE in ASEAN

TRIANGLE in ASEAN Quarterly Briefing Notes

TRIANGLE in ASEAN works with labour ministries, workers' and employers' organizations, recruitment agency associations, civil society organizations in six countries in ASEAN; Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Below Quarterly Briefing Notes give an update on our work during the previous quarter.

Feasibility study

Fact sheet of the Feasibility Study on Policy Measures to Support Local Workforce into Employment

The project focuses on strengthening the labour market through organizational capacity by introducing or enhancing the national employment policies or programmes in Malaysia.

TRIANGLE in ASEAN

The ASEAN Forum on Migrant Labour: A review of the implementation of Recommendations (3rd to 14th Forums)

This report is the sixth in a series of progress review background papers, biennially prepared by the ILO’s TRIANGLE in ASEAN programme, that track the progress of ASEAN stakeholders in implementing recommendations adopted at previous AFMLs.

ILO-UK Skills for Prosperity in South-East Asia Programme

Financing mechanisms for promoting social inclusion in skills and lifelong learning systems: Global overview of current practices and policy options

The report analyses pros and cons of practices around the world, shedding light on the policy options to improve access to and participation in skills development and lifelong learning of disadvantaged people.

TRIANGLE in ASEAN

Resumption of labour migration and regional cooperation

Thematic background paper for the 15th ASEAN Forum on Migrant Labour

ILO Working paper 91

Jobs and global supply chains in South-East Asia - mobi

South-East Asia has become a key player in global supply chains (GSCs) during recent decades, and the region’s participation in GSCs has had a profound impact on labour markets. The region has become increasingly dependent on GSCs for employment despite some short periods of sharp volatility and setbacks, including in 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

ILO Working paper 91

Jobs and global supply chains in South-East Asia - epub

South-East Asia has become a key player in global supply chains (GSCs) during recent decades, and the region’s participation in GSCs has had a profound impact on labour markets. The region has become increasingly dependent on GSCs for employment despite some short periods of sharp volatility and setbacks, including in 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Decent work challenges and opportunities in Malaysia’s rubber glove supply chain

The report aims to strengthen the evidence base on the decent work challenges and opportunities across the four strategic objectives of the Decent Work Agenda: employment creation, rights at work, social protection and social dialogue.

Domestic workers

Skilled to care, forced to work? Recognizing the skills profiles of migrant domestic workers in ASEAN amid forced labour and exploitation

This study presents up-to-date findings on the lived experiences of migrant domestic workers in Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. It takes a quantitative and qualitative approach to understanding the skills profiles of migrant domestic workers across the three destination countries – as set against their working conditions and particularly indicators of forced labour.

ILO Working paper 91

Jobs and global supply chains in South-East Asia

South-East Asia has become a key player in global supply chains (GSCs) during recent decades, and the region’s participation in GSCs has had a profound impact on labour markets. The region has become increasingly dependent on GSCs for employment despite some short periods of sharp volatility and setbacks, including in 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Social security

ILO Regional Actuarial Services Unit Annual Report 2022: Report on activities from 1 January to 31 December 2022

Annual report of the ILO Regional Actuarial Services Unit (RASU). The Unit provides actuarial and investment technical support for social security institutions in the region. This work includes actuarial valuations, policy analysis, training, actuarial capacity building and investment technical support.

Fair and ethical recruitment

Regional operational guidelines on fair and ethical recruitment in ASEAN. Improving regulation and enforcement: A resource for regulators

The regional operational guidelines provide guidance to government regulators on fair recruitment practices, licensing private recruitment agencies, monitoring recruitment processes, and acting on complaints related to the recruitment process. Developed within the framework of the ILO general principles and operational guidelines for fair recruitment, these regional operational guidelines are relevant to both countries of origin and destination.

Protecting the Rights of Migrant Workers through Empowerment and Advocacy

Migrant Workers Empowerment and Advocacy (MWEA) project aims to ensure that the rights of migrant workers are protected in Malaysia.

Achieving fair and ethical recruitment: Improving regulation and enforcement in the ASEAN region

This report focuses on the efforts of ASEAN Member States to foster fair and ethical recruitment. It maps the laws and regulations, and moreover, the enforcement mechanisms States have employed, and reviews evidence of the results achieved.

Workers' rights

STRATEGY: To promote freedom of association in the palm oil sector

This campaign strategy document is developed by the Malaysian Trades Union Congress with a view to promoting freedom of association in the palm oil sector, as well as increasing trade union membership among local and migrant workers in the sector in the immediate future.

Women's entrepreneurship development

Rebuilding Better: Fostering Business Resilience Post-COVID-19 Project: Supporting Women Entrepreneurs in South-East Asia: Results at a glance

Green jobs

ASEAN: The Employment - Environment - Climate Nexus: Employment and environmental sustainability factsheet

The Employment-Environment-Climate Nexus Factsheets are a series produced for countries in the Asia-Pacific region. This Factsheet provides key features of labour market and environmental sustainability performance in ASEAN, as well as vulnerability to climate change and sectors with green jobs potential.

Green jobs

Malaysia: The Employment - Environment - Climate Nexus: Employment and environmental sustainability factsheet

The Employment-Environment-Climate Nexus Factsheets are a series produced for countries in the Asia-Pacific region. This Factsheet provides key features of labour market and environmental sustainability performance in Malaysia, as well as vulnerability to climate change and sectors with green jobs potential.